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Negative ions in the atmosphere and human health
Time:2025-04-09
Human health depends on fresh air. The air we breathe is a mixture of gases, including oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor, and carbon dioxide. Under normal conditions, gas molecules are not electrically charged. However, under the influence of radiation, heat, or strong electric fields, gas molecules in the air can lose some electrons, a process known as air ionization. These lost electrons then combine with other neutral molecules. The gas molecules that gain electrons become negatively charged, known as air negative ions. Air negative ions possess thermoelectric and piezoelectric properties, meaning that even under slight changes in temperature and pressure, they can cause a potential difference between negative ions, leading to further ionization of the air. Different gas molecules in the air have varying abilities to "capture" electrons; O2 and CO2 are relatively strong. Since O2 constitutes more than 20% of the air, while CO2 only accounts for 0.03%, most of the free electrons produced by air ionization are obtained by oxygen, forming negative oxygen ions, also known as "negative ions".
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